Joseph t



while in the apparatus I have shown connections for four local users, such number may be increased or lessened, as. may be desired, by adding or taking ofl'theappliances described as belonging to each local circuit and shortening orlengthe'ning or keeping in proper-proportion the contact-faces of the rotating disks.

; Each local user is to havetelephone apparatus and battery, as indicated at B; but by prefer once a relay, R, is to be inserted in the line of his battery-wires s and witha calling key or button at r. Thegrelaywill operatea bellringing apparatus, :rflin the usual way.-

That the operation of this apparatus may be fully understood, I will assume, first, that a local user-say No. 1--de'sires to conve rse with the operator at themain exchange, or to send some message through him. To do this he closes his circuit in the usual way, electrical action then taking place-throughhis'circuit, by wire 8 to post 3, by wire b, conlactipiece e, its tail-piece e, knob :0, arm d of lever D, armaturevlever h, magnet H, plate 10, post 7, to the ground. This results in depressing the rear'end of lever h releases the hooks at it, and thereupon theleverD turns on its pivot in the post D" tothe position shown by the dotted lines in Fig; 2, with the following re 'sults: First, the pin d on the locking-arm d,

passi ng down the underlying slot'g of the locking-harG, shifts the latter to the right, so as -to lock outall other. co-uscrs, substantially in the manner described in Patent No. 223,201,

above referred toyse cond, the knob a: ceases to bear on the switch-spring e? and-moves clear exists-via, from local user No.1 to the main exchange, through the auxiliary exchange.

Conversation may be had or messages sent over this circuit in the usual way, and if the local user desires it, hemay' be switched into communication at the main exehange' with any other telephone: user having a wire connection of any kind with such main exchange. After conversation is through, the main oporator restores the apparatus to the normal or 7 zero position by rotatingthe shaft F until the wrist n outhe'disk B engages the unlocking-arm d and shifts the lever D back toits previous position, whereby the local circuitis restored through the re-eugagement of the books at ]?,--the locking-bar G is reversed, so as to unlock the connections of other co'user's, the'main-lline circuit through G g is rest-cred, and ,thecircuit'frem the local user to the main To restore theappara't s exchange through the post-t and switch-sprin eisbroken..- I H Assuming, now, as a second opcration that the main operator desires to call for any pur--,. pose any one of the localusers-say, for, 9X5 ample, No. 1to this'e'nd he operateshis key'R by a quickmotiom'so' as to bring his .main battery R intocii'cuitr Making andbreaking circuit in this'way results through the interventionand. actionolf the magnet A in giving; one revolution to the escape nentshaft 1?,- (the weight attached to the cord pof course, being the actuating-power,) so that the shaft Pfand thedisks thereon (all beingof 80 metal) are rotated at distance which 1 term herein 'f onestep. As a result of-thismhe wrist non. thefirstdisk, B, Fig. 5, is rotated away from the unlocking-arm d of the levcr' D,

so that the pin; d? of the locking-lever D drops into the underlying slot g of the locking-bar G and shifts itf'to the right, with the result already setfo'rth, both as to looking out local usersrand; by shifting the support G away from the screw 9', breaking the'previously-existing main circuit. The first half of the-stepwhich produced this rotation, 01' the movement of the escapement P which results from depressing the key B into contact with the contact-post a", and thereby closing the circuit attha't point, also brings the projection c of the disk B',- which is properly arranged with 7 reference tothat end, into contact with'the corresponding contact-piece e',whereby a new mainline circuit is made from the central exchange to the plate 8, as before, thence by the disk B, projection c, contact-piece e',wire b,

post 3, and wire ,9, to ,the bell-ringing relay of user No. 1. By keeping the key depressed thebell will becaused to ring as long as may be desired; The projection c is long enough to keep up contact with e, even after the key R is raised and after the latter .part ofthe rotary movemcntof the shaft P'is' completed The main exchange and user No. 1 are then in telephonic communication. At the same time, however,'the electrical charge which rings the hell of user No. 1 will operate the armaturele ver h, so as to unlock or disengage the hooks at h as already described; but as the lover I) cannotvturn far before being caught-by the locking-bar G, (already shift-ed,) Ileave room for it-to drop a short distance-far enough at least to bring the'upper end of .thc'escapc-f meat-arm (if under an insulator, o, arranged -for"the purpose in the end of the armatur'edeyer h. The local circuit or ground=connection of No. I is thereby broken. .This 9 the devices named is. illustrated in- El sition of to a 'z'eidhi neutral position the main operator,: by operating his keyR by quick motions, rotates the shaft P nntllthe wristn on the disk B engages the arm d of the disengaged lever, D and tilts'it back to positiomso as to'restore the local'circult-,andalso by tiltinz bacl the lever Dlto UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH T. MARTIN, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

ICE-CUTTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 237,537, dated February 8, 1881.

Application filed August 24,1880. (No model.) i

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH T. MARTIN, of NGWaIl-i, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Ice-Gutters, of which the fol lowing is a specification.

My invention relates to ice-cutters arranged in connection with aboat, having in it, also, the propelling machinery; and it consists, first, in constructing the boat with a well in which is hung the ice cutting mechanism, adapted to be let down into working position or be raised out of the ice ,by means of an adjustingscrew second, in hanging upon one shaft the cutters and boat-propellers,,with proper driving mechanism derived. from one shaft to move them at different rates of speed; third, in runners on the bow and swivel-runners under the boat adjustable to the line of draft.

Figure 1 is a plan, and Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section on a line of w on Fig. 1.

My boat is constructed with a well, A, near the bow, at the top of the rear side of which, 011 the main driving-shaft B, is hung a frame, 0, carrying the ice-cutting machii'iery, having the front adjusted vertically by means of a screw, D, turningin the swivel or rocking nut E, which adapts itself to the changing positions of the screw in raising or lowering the frame carrying the saws, 850.

On the shaft F are hung rigidly saws Gr, used for cutting the ice, and the propeller-wheels H, turning on the axle, having teeth on the periphery to catch in the ice. The saws and wheels H are arranged at a different rate of speed, giving the saws four times the speed, more or less, of the wheels. The saws get their motion from the driving-shaft B and the pulley I by means of the connecting-belt K and small pulley I but the propellers get their motion from a small pulley, L, on the driving-shaft, the larger pulley N on the intermediate shaft 0, and the small pulley P on the shaft 0, carrying belts and the saws raised wholly out of the ice 5 then connecting by the belt M with M, to a similar pulley, Q,secured to the side of the wheels H, and between the.

the boat may be readily turned about on the ice and make another cutting alongside of the first. The metal runners R under the bow facilitate the movement, and the swivel-runners S under the sides of the boat, which readily yield to the line of draft, do the same. After the field, or a portion of it, has been cut lengthwise the boat may be moved crosswise and cut the whole up into blocks; or, if occasion requires, the boat may be run in water, with one or more saws in operation in the edge of the field. j

T are rudders in the stern or sides of the boat, made to enter a sawkerf and guide the motion of the boat.

Any sui table power maybe employed to drive the machinery, which propels the boat and'does the cutting at the same time.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. An ice-cutting boat having a well in which is hung the cutting and propelling apparatus, substantially as audfor the purposespecified. I 2. The frame 0, hung in the well, A, and carrying the cutters and propellers, substantially as set forth. 4

3. The cutters G and propellers H, arranged on the shaft F, and graduated to different rates of speed by means of suitable connectin g mechanism.

4. The cutters Gr, deriving their motion by means of the connecting-belt K, and the propellers H theirs by means of connecting-belts M and M and the intermediate shaft 0, both from the one driving-shaft, B, substantially as 5. The frame 0, carrying the cutters and propellers, raised or lowered by the screw D in the rocking nut E.

6. In a boat having the cutters and propellers hung in a well, the rudders T, substantially as set forth.

7. In combination with an ice-boat having a well in which is hung the cutting and propelling apparatus, and these elements raised or lowered by means of the screw D, the runners R and S, substantially as and for thepurpose specified. 2

JOSEPH T. MARTIN.

Witnesses:

HORAGE HARRIS, N ArnAN HARPER. I

too" 

